health
Health insurance coverage
Why this matters
Health insurance helps people get care without going broke. This measure shows the share of the civilian noninstitutionalized population (all ages) who have any kind of health coverage, whether through a job, a plan they bought, Medicaid, or Medicare.
People with coverage are more likely to see a doctor, fill prescriptions, and catch problems early, when they are cheaper and easier to treat. People without it often skip care, carry medical debt, or end up in the emergency room for issues that could have been prevented.
Coverage is not spread evenly: cost is the biggest barrier, and residents with lower incomes and some communities of color are more likely to be uninsured. Tracking coverage helps a community see who is being left out.
A major recent shift shapes how to read this map. North Carolina expanded Medicaid on December 1, 2023, making roughly 600,000 adults newly eligible, with hundreds of thousands enrolling in the first year. The three South Carolina counties in this region (Chester, Lancaster, and York) are not covered, because South Carolina has not expanded Medicaid. Comparing coverage on either side of the state line is a contrast this two-state tool is uniquely able to show.
About the Charlotte region
This explorer covers the 14-county, two-state Charlotte region (11 North Carolina and 3 South Carolina counties). Many of these indicators connect to a defining regional story: a landmark Harvard study ranked Charlotte last, 50th of the 50 largest U.S. metros for economic mobility (a child raised in the poorest fifth had about a 4.4% chance of reaching the top fifth), a finding that launched the region's Leading on Opportunity agenda. Updated 2024 data show Charlotte has since climbed to 38th.
Opportunity here is also unevenly mapped. An affluent “wedge” fanning southeast from uptown holds a large majority of the city's wealth on under a quarter of its land, while a ”crescent” to the north, west, and east carries higher poverty, a legacy of redlining, exclusionary zoning, and highway routing that recurs across the race, income, health, tree-canopy, and school maps in this tool. No single indicator is good or bad on its own; together they describe how the region sorted opportunity.
Companion resources: Charlotte-Mecklenburg Quality of Life Explorer · UNC Charlotte Urban Institute · Opportunity Atlas · Methods & sources
Learn more
- U.S. Census Bureau — Health Insurance census.gov
The Census Bureau’s main hub for coverage data, tables, and reports.
- NC Medicaid — North Carolina Expands Medicaid medicaid.ncdhhs.gov
Official details on the December 2023 expansion and who became newly eligible (NC only; SC has not expanded).
- U.S. Census Bureau — Small Area Health Insurance Estimates census.gov
Single-year uninsured estimates for every U.S. county.
- County Health Rankings — Access to Care countyhealthrankings.org
How insurance and provider access shape a community’s health.
About the data
Calculated from the U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (2014–2024), at the Census-tract level, with margins of error. ACS 5-year vintages overlap year to year, so the series is a rolling estimate; compare only non-overlapping periods.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates.